本书主要介绍光伏组件典型环境检测技术，内容概括了近六年来通过技术攻关和平台建设，在国内首次建立的经认证认可委CNAS认可第三方检测技术，主要包括光伏组件箱模拟运输实验、太阳能组件不均匀雪载检测技术、光伏组件高风速砂尘检测、太阳能电池片和组件不同角度入射光性能检测、双面光伏组件I-V特性检测。以上检测技术获得国内认证单位、企业用户的广泛认可，为中国光伏企业研发满足典型户外环境光伏产品提供了检测和评测平台，促进了中国光伏产品研发和技术进步。本书同时将相关的检测技术最新国际标准进行了讲解，并结合检测结果进行了分析，具有很好的示范性。另外与以上检测技术密切相关其他常用检测技术，如光伏组件风载试验、组件热斑和二极管功能性检测技术的检测标准、检测技术和检测方法一起做了介绍。本书适合光伏组件研发、生产和检测的企事业单位从业人员使用。
2008年毕业于南开大学，2012年进入中国信息通信研究院，2013年10月获评高级工程师，现任能源与环境测评部主任。本人追求技术进步和业务能力提升，并取得以下成绩：（一）深入研究和开发检测技术和检测设备，主持完成中国信息通信研究院检测认证专项（一类，每项65万元经费）四项，均获得信通院前两名的好成绩；（二）自主研发的检测设备在高风速沙尘检测、光伏组件箱模拟运输检测、双面光伏组件双侧辐照性能测试、光伏组件多角度测试、太阳能组件不均匀雪载检测技术均填补国内空白。相关检测能力为国内首次获得认监委CNAS和CMA资质授权单位，并唯一获得TUV、UL美华、德国VDE、加拿大CSA和SGS通标等认证机构的认可和检测授权。（三）自2015年主持能源与环境测评部工作，部门检测业务收入均超额完成年度指标，检测入账收入由2015年的1500万元逐年增加到2019年的3200万元；新能源产品年检测收入由2014年二十万元逐年提升，2017年和2019年连续超过1000万元，经济和社会效益显著。（四）作为第一作者或者通讯作者发表SCI文章六篇和EI一篇，另作为第二作者发表SCI文章四篇，分别获得2017年和2018年信通院优秀学术论文奖励（排第一名）。（五）第一发明人和第二发明人授权发表专利各一项。（六）为中科院光电研究院提研发近空间稳态光源模拟器，经中国计量院计量，满足中科院重大任务局重点项目《高空用薄膜太阳电池评检》技术参数要求，为空间通信电源技术研发做出贡献。
第 1 章 太阳能电池和光伏组件的结构及工作原理 ·················································1
1.1 太阳能电池简介 ·····························································································1
1.2 光伏组件结构 ·································································································3
1.3 光伏组件的工作环境 ·····················································································5
第 2 章 光伏组件高风速砂尘检测技术 ·····································································9
2.1 中国自然环境和适用光伏组件的典型环境··················································9
2.2 高风速砂尘试验方法和检测流程································································11
2.2.1 试验设备·······························································································13
2.2.2 试验步骤·······························································································15
2.2.3 注意事项·······························································································16
2.2.4 试验设计·······························································································16
2.3 高风速砂尘对光伏组件性能影响的数据分析············································17
2.3.1 外观检查·······························································································17
2.3.2 吹砂试验前最大功率检测·······································································17
2.3.3 吹砂试验前电安全性检测（绝缘、湿漏电流和接地连续性检测）·············17
2.3.4 吹砂试验前 EL 检测···············································································18
2.3.5 吹砂试验·······························································································19
2.3.6 吹砂试验后最大功率检测·······································································19
2.3.7 吹砂试验后电安全性检测（绝缘、湿漏电流和接地连续性检测）·············19
2.3.8 吹砂试验后 EL 检测···············································································19
2.4 总结 ···············································································································21
参考文献 ················································································································21
第 3 章 光伏组件不均匀雪载检测技术 ···································································24
3.1 光伏组件不均匀雪载试验 ···········································································24
3.2 不均匀雪载试验方法 ···················································································25
3.2.1 试验流程·······························································································26
3.2.2 不均匀雪载的压强分布和计算方法 ·························································28
3.2.3 雪载设备 ································································································35
3.3 数据分析 ·······································································································36
3.3.1 PV2～PV6 压强变化规律········································································36
3.3.2 PV2～PV6 位移量变化规律 ····································································38
3.3.3 PV7 数据分析························································································40
3.4 总结 ···············································································································40
第 4 章 光伏组件热斑耐久性试验和旁路二极管功能检测技术 ···························42
4.1 热斑的形成和光伏组件级联分类································································42
4.2 光伏组件热斑耐久性试验检测设备····························································44
4.3 晶体硅光伏组件热斑检测 ···········································································45
4.3.1 晶体硅光伏组件热斑检测流程································································45
4.3.2 晶体硅组件热斑耐久性试验结果分析······················································47
4.3.3 小结······································································································54
4.4 光伏组件旁路二极管功能试验方法····························································54
4.4.1 旁路二极管功能试验遮挡检测原理 ·························································55
4.4.2 不同光伏组件及内部电路结构示例 ·························································57
4.4.3 不同内部电路结构的光伏组件遮挡位置分析············································58
4.4.4 旁路二极管功能试验分析·······································································62
4.4.5 小结······································································································63
第 5 章 光伏组件箱模拟运输检测技术 ···································································64
5.1 光伏组件箱模拟运输检测技术的重要作用················································64
5.1.1 研究背景及意义 ····················································································64
5.1.2 光伏组件箱模拟运输检测的目标与主要内容············································66
5.2 光伏组件箱模拟运输试验的理论基础························································67
5.2.1 模拟运输的试验原理··············································································67
5.2.2 模拟运输试验环节与各项参数································································67
5.3 光伏组件箱模拟运输检测数据和结果分析················································71
5.3.1 光伏组件箱模拟运输检测的主要内容······················································71
5.3.2 光伏组件箱模拟运输试验·······································································73
5.3.3 环境试验·······························································································74
5.3.4 检测结果和数据分析··············································································76
5.4 光伏组件箱模拟运输检测注意事项····························································82
5.4.1 普通单玻带边框光伏组件的包装注意事项···············································82
5.4.2 双玻无边框光伏组件的包装注意事项······················································82
参考文献 ················································································································83
第 6 章 太阳光入射角对光伏组件光电特性的影响 ···············································84
6.1 太阳光入射角对太阳能电池光电特性影响的研究····································84
6.1.1 研究背景·······························································································84
6.1.2 研究现状·······························································································86
6.1.3 研究内容与意义 ····················································································87
6.2 试验方法 ·······································································································88
6.2.1 检测设备与光伏组件··············································································88
6.2.2 光伏组件性能检测 ·················································································90
6.3 试验结果与分析 ···························································································94
6.3.1 太阳光入射角对光伏组件光电特性的影响···············································94
6.3.2 太阳光入射角对不同栅线光伏组件光电转换效率的影响···························97
6.3.3 太阳光入射角对光伏幕墙（薄膜）组件光电特性的影响···························98
6.3.4 太阳光入射角对光伏组件相对透光率的影响············································99
6.4 总结 ·············································································································101
参考文献 ··············································································································101
第 7 章 双面光伏组件光电特性检测技术 ·····························································103
7.1 双面光伏组件检测技术概述 ·····································································104
7.1.1 研究背景·····························································································104
7.1.2 研究现状·····························································································105
7.1.3 研究内容与意义 ··················································································105
7.2 试验方法 ·····································································································106
7.2.1 检测设备与光伏组件············································································106
7.2.2 光伏组件性能检测 ···············································································106
7.3 试验结果与分析 ·························································································109
7.3.1 室内单面等效辐照度检测结果······························································109
7.3.2 双面打光检测结果 ··············································································.111
7.3.3 使用单面等效辐照度法与双面打光法进行检测的功率结果差异 ··············115
7.3.4 不同双面系数下的单面等效辐照度法与双面打光法检测结果对比···········117
7.3.5 双面打光法在实际检测中的应用···························································119
7.4 总结 ·············································································································120
参考文献 ··············································································································121
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