语言在共时层面表现出的差异可以折射出其历时层面的演变过程。《认知视角下英语否定结构的历时研究》从认知语言学视角全面系统地研究了英语否定结构从古代英语到中世纪英语、早期现代英语直至当代英语的演变过程。该研究具有历时语言学和共时语言学的双重研究价值：在历时层面上深入研究英语否定结构的起源与演变；在共时层面上剖析当代英语的否定结构，并对否定结构的习得进行了一定研究。《认知视角下英语否定结构的历时研究》在英语否定结构演变过程中的每个历史阶段，都提供了理论阐释，并佐以实例印证，从而能够让读者更好地了解《认知视角下英语否定结构的历时研究》的论述内容，真实体会英语否定结构发展演变的过程，了解其发展初期否定词词形千变万化和否定句结构复杂多变的原因。
王锦，女，山东潍坊人，1987年5月出生，英语语言文学博士，潍坊学院讲师，潍坊学院外国语学院语言对比与翻译研究所所长，潍坊学院“优青计划”支持人选。主要研究方向为语言对比学翻译和历时语言学。主持市级课题2项，校级课题1项，参与省级多项课题。在国内外期刊上发表论文多篇。本研究系潍坊学院2018年博士科研基金项目（从认知角度研究英语否定结构的历时演变，项目编号2018BS18）阶段性成果。
Chapter 1 Introduction
1．1 General Statements
1．2 Literature Review
1．2．1 Generative and Functional Perspectives
1．2．2 Jespersen's Negative Cycle
1．3 Theoretical Background
1．3．1 The Cognitive Prominence Principle
1．3．2 Other Theoretical Rules in Negation
1．4 Typological Checking
1．4．1 Negative Cycle in Germanic Languages
1．4．2 Negative Cycle in Romance Languages
1．5 Organization of the Study
Chapter 2 Negation in Old English and Early Middle English
2．1 Types of Negation．
2．1．1 Negative Concord and Single Negator
2．1．2 Sentence Negation and Constituent Negation
2．1．3 Negative Polarity Items
2．1．4 Negative Coordination
2．1．5 Contrastive Negation
2．1．6 Negation in Complementation
2．1．7 Expletive Negation
2．1．8 Affixal Negation
2．2 Rules of Negation
2．2．1 Negative Incorporation
2．2．2 Negative Attraction
2．2．3 Negative Raising
2．3 Theoretical Explanation
2．3．1 Negation Is Prominent
2．3．2 Reinforcement of the Negator Ne
2．4 Diversities of Negative Forms
2．4．1 Texts， Gemes and Latin Influence
2．4．2 Variation in Old English Syntax
2．5 Summary
Chapter 3 Negation in Late Middle English and Early Modern English
3．1 Major Syntactic Changes
3．1．1 Ne．．．Not Collocation
3．1．2 Loss of Ne and Negative Concord
3．1．3 The Grammaticalization of Not
3．1．4 The Grammaticalization of Do
3．2 Types and Rules of Negation
3．2．1 Negative Polarity Items
3．2．2 Negative Coordination
3．2．3 Constituent Negation
3．2．4 Expletive Negation
3．2．5 Affixal Negation
3．2．6 Negative Attraction
3．2．7 Negative Raising
3．2．8 Negative Inversion
3．3 Theoretical Explanation
3．3．1 Forward Shifting of Negators
3．3．2 Prominence and Forward Shifting of Negators
3．4 Diversities of Genres， Texts and Manuscripts
3．5 Summary
Chapter 4 Negation in Late Modern English and Present-Day English
4．1 Negation in Late Modern English
4．1．1 Double Negation
4．1．2 Negative Raising
4．1．3 The Cliticization of Not
4．2 Negation in Present-Day English
4．2．1 Sentence Negation and Constiment Negation
4．2．2 Negative Polarity Items
4．2．3 Negative Coordination
4．2．4 The Cliticization of Not
4．2．5 Negative Inversion
4．2．6 Negation and Modality
4．2．7 Emphatic Negation
4．2．8 Affixal Negation
4．3 Learnability of Negation
4．3．1 Negation in First Language Acquisition
4．3．2 The Acquisition of Negation in Second Language Learners
4．3．3 The Acquisition of Negation in Chinese Learners
4．4 Summary
Chapter 5 Conclusion
5．1 Major mdings
5．2 Models of Language Change
5．3 Limitations and Implications
Appendix
References
Postscript
List of Figure
Figure 3．1 Percentage of do forms in different types of sentences
List of Tables
Table 1．1 Jespersen's Negative Cycle according to the author's Summary
Table 1．2 Negative Cycle in German
Table 1．3 Negative Cycle in Dutch and Norwegian
Table 1．4 Negative Cycle in French
Table 2．1 Results on number of negators （%）
Table 3．1 Frequencies of ne and ne．．．not in early thirteenth century English prose
Table 3．2 Frequencies of ne and ne．．．not in main and subordinate clauses in Early Modern English prose
Table 3．3 Percentage on number of negators per clause in various texts
Table 3．4 Percentage of ne and not in Middle English verse from 1200 to 1400
Table 3．5 Percentage of ne， ne．．．not， and not in the PPCMEE2 data
Table 3．6 Percentage of replacement of ne by not and n-item s in Middle English verse from 1200 to 1400
Table 3．7 Presence of a reinforcing negator in early thirteenth century prose
Table 3．8 Inversion with and without not in early thirteenth century prose
Table 3．9 Percentage of multiple negation in Middle English literature
书单推荐
