本书是无人机应用技术专业系列教材，是根据教育部*新颁布的专业教学
标准，同时参考相应职业资格标准编写的。

本书主要介绍了无人机与大气的基础知识及气流特性、无人机空气动力学
基础、固定翼无人机基本飞行原理、无人直升机基本飞行原理、多旋翼无人
机基本飞行原理、无人飞艇基本飞行原理，旨在通过系统的理论学习，让学
生准确掌握空气动力学基础知识及各平台类型飞行器的飞行原理。

为方便教学，本书配套有助教课件等教学资源，凡选用本书作为授课教材
的教师，均可登录机械工业出版社教育服务网（http://www.cmpedu.com）免
费下载，或联系编辑咨询，电话010-88379197。

本书可作为职业院校无人机应用技术专业的教材，也可供相关从业人员及
无人机爱好者参考。

目 录

前 言
第一章　无人机与大气的基础知识及气流特性................1
第一节　无人机的基础知识.....................................................2.一、固定翼无人机............................................................2.二、无人直升机...............................................................5.三、多旋翼无人机............................................................5.四、无人飞艇...................................................................6
第二节　大气的基础知识........................................................11.一、大气的基本要素.........................................................11.二、大气层划分...............................................................12.三、大气压力...................................................................14.四、大气压力的度量.........................................................15.五、海拔对大气压力、飞机性能的影响..............................15.六、空气密度的影响.........................................................16
第三节　低速气流特性............................................................16.一、流场的概念...............................................................16.二、运动的转换...............................................................18.三、连续性定理...............................................................18
第四节　高速气流特性............................................................19.一、空气的压缩性............................................................19.二、激波..........................................................................20
练习题....................................................................................23
第二章　无人机空气动力学基础.........................................25
第一节　无人机空气动力学概述..............................................26
第二节　翼型空气动力学........................................................27.一、翼型的几何特性.........................................................27

CONTENTS


.二、伯努利定理...............................................................29.三、受力..........................................................................31.四、升阻比......................................................................36.五、空气动力特性的影响因素...........................................37.六、翼型选择...................................................................38
第三节　机翼空气动力学........................................................39.一、翼载荷......................................................................40.二、展弦比......................................................................41.三、后掠角......................................................................42.四、根梢比......................................................................44
第四节　旋翼空气动力学........................................................44.一、旋翼翼型...................................................................45.二、旋翼空气动力学特性..................................................46
第五节　牛顿定律与无人机受力..............................................49.一、牛顿定律...................................................................49.二、无人机受力...............................................................50
第六节　高速气动特性............................................................51.一、翼型的亚声速空气动力特性........................................51.二、翼型的跨声速空气动力特性........................................52.三、翼型的超声速升力特性..............................................53
练习题....................................................................................53
第三章　固定翼无人机基本飞行原理.................................55
第一节　固定翼无人机空气动力学...........................................56.一、不同布局的气动特点..................................................56.二、机翼上反角...............................................................67.三、翼身组合体...............................................................68.四、尾翼..........................................................................68
.五、其他因素...................................................................68
第二节　固定翼无人机飞行性能..............................................69.一、平飞性能...................................................................69.二、爬升性能...................................................................70.三、下降性能...................................................................71.四、续航性能...................................................................71.五、活动半径...................................................................72.六、起飞着陆性能............................................................72
第三节　固定翼无人机的飞行稳定性........................................73.一、纵向稳定性...............................................................74.二、横向稳定性...............................................................74.三、航向稳定性...............................................................74
第四节　固定翼无人机操纵及控制原理....................................74.一、固定翼无人机操纵原理..............................................74.二、固定翼无人机控制原理..............................................75
练习题....................................................................................76
第四章　无人直升机基本飞行原理.....................................77
第一节　无人直升机的结构.....................................................78.一、直升机的布局形式.....................................................78.二、直升机桨毂的结构.....................................................79.三、直升机桨叶的结构.....................................................81
第二节　无人直升机的飞行性能..............................................82
第三节　无人直升机操纵及控制原理........................................83
练习题....................................................................................85
第五章　多旋翼无人机基本飞行原理.................................87
第一节　多旋翼无人机的飞行性能...........................................88.一、飞行速度...................................................................88

.二、续航时间...................................................................88.三、悬停性能与定位性能..................................................88.四、避障性能...................................................................88
第二节　多旋翼无人机操纵及控制原理....................................89.一、垂直运动...................................................................89.二、俯仰运动...................................................................90.三、滚转运动...................................................................90.四、偏航运动...................................................................91.五、前后运动...................................................................91.六、侧向运动...................................................................92
练习题....................................................................................93
第六章　无人飞艇基本飞行原理.........................................95
第一节　飞艇的内部构造........................................................96
第二节　无人飞艇的飞行原理..................................................98.一、空气静力学原理.........................................................98.二、空气动力学原理.........................................................99
第三节　无人飞艇的操纵控制..................................................101.一、地面操纵...................................................................101.二、飞行操纵...................................................................103
练习题....................................................................................107
参考文献.................................................................................108