《医用有机化学》分14章，包括绪论、环烷、烯烃、炔烃、脂环烃、芳香烃、立体结构、烷基卤化物、酚、醚、醛和酮、有机酸及其衍生物等，重点介绍了各类有机化合物的结构、命名、性质、反应机制以及在医药上的应用。
Nowadays the international exchange in higher education is broadening， and more and more overseas students are coming to China to study medical science， life science， pharmaceutical science， matenal sci-ence，chemical engineering and others.
Organic Chemistry is a compulsory course opened to undergraduate students majoring in medicine，pharmaceutical science and others. Focusing on the nomenclature， structures， properties and preparations of organic compounds in categories， the goal of organic chemistry education is devoted to build a solid base for the study of the subsequent courses， such as biochemistry， biology， medicinal chemistry， pharmacology and immunology.
How to choose adaptable teaching materials of organic chemistry for the international medical and pharmaceutical students studying in China has been vexing us for a long time. In order to achieve the educa-tion goal effectively，it is necessary to prepare a textbook suitable for the international students. Since we have been engaged in organic chemistry education for international students for decades， our endeavor in teaching practice has been recognized and appreciated greatly. And encouraged by our colleagues， we ac-cepted this challenging task of the book editing. After taking some domestic Chinese textbooks and related English textbooks as references， we have compiled this Organic Chemistry textbook in English version sys-tematically and concisely. This textbook can be used to teach the intemational students with multi-levels of organic chemistry.
The editors would like to dedicate this textbook to our domestic peers who are engaged in the education of international Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery （MBBS） and related students， the intemational students majoring in MBBS or pharmaceutical science in China. We hope that this textbook will be helpful to the English version teaching and leaming of medical general chemistry.
Due to our limited ability， there might be all kinds of mistakes and omissions in this book， valuable comments and suggestions are always welcomed！
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1．1 Organic compounds and organic chemistry
1．2 Features of organic compounds
1．3 Atomic orbital
1．4 Electron configuration
1．5 lonic and covalent bonds： octet rule
1．6 The carbon-carbon covalent bond
1．7 How the structure of a compound is represented
1．8 Molecular orbitals
1．9 Molecular geometry
1．10 Acids and bases
1．11 Reaction mechanism
1．12 Functional groups and families of organic compounds
1．13 Significance of studying organic chemistry
CHAPTER 2 ALKANES AND CYCLOALKANES
2．1 Alkanes
2．2 Cycloalkanes
2．3 Pheromones：communication by means of chemicals
CHAPTER 3 ALKENES， ALKYNES AND CONUGATED DIENVES
3．1 Alkenes
3．2 Alkynes
3．3 Conjugated dienes
3．4 Dynemicin A： An enediyne drug
CHAPTER 4 AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
4．1 Classification of aromatic hydrocarbons
4．2 Structure of benzene
4．3 Nomenclature of derivatives of benzene
4．4 Physical properties of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
4．5 Chemical properties of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
4．6 Effect of substituents on reactivity and orientation in aromatic electrophilic substitution
4．7 Fused-ring aromatic hydrocarbons
4．8 Aromaticity and Hückel rule：4n+2π electron rule
4．9 Some aromatic compounds in biochemistry
CHAPTER 5 STEREOCHEMISTRY
5．1 Types of isomers
5．2 Optical activity．plane-polarized light
5．3 Properties of enatiomers
5．4 Prediction of enantiomerism
5．5 Compounds with only one chiral carbon
5．6 Representations of molecules containing chiral carbons： Fischer projections
5．7 Assignment of the configurations of chiral carbons
5．8 Compounds with more than one chiral carbon
5．9 Enantiomers without chiral carbons
5．10 Chirality in the biological world
5．11 Origin of biological properties relating to chirality
CHAPTER 6 ALKYL HALIDES
6．1 Nomenclature of alkyl halides
6．2 Physical properties of alkyl halides
6．3 Chemical properties of alkyl halides
6．4 Preparation of alkyl halides
6．5 Inconvenient DDT
CHAPTER 7 ALCOHOLS， PHENOLS， AND ETHERS
7．1 Alcohols
7．2 Phenols
7．3 Ethers
7．4 Thioalcohols， thioethers and disulfides
CHAPTER 8 ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
8．1 Chemical structure of the carbonyl group
8．2 Nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones
8．3 Synthesis of aldehydes and ketones
8．4 Oxidation of aldehydes
8．5 Nucleophilic addition reaction of aldehydes and ketones
8．6 Reduction
8．7 Nucleophilic addition of water： hydration
8．8 Nucleophilic addition of alcohol：acetal formation
8．9 Nucleophilic addition of amines to form imines and enamine
8．10 Nucleophilic addition of Grignard reagent：alcohol formation
8．11 Nucleophilic addition of hydrogen cyanide：cyanohydrin formation
8．12 Keto-Enol tautomerism
8．13 Acidity of alpha hydrogen atoms：enolate anion formation
8．14 Reactivity of enols and enolateions
8．15 Alkylation of aldehydes and ketones
8．16 Halogenation of aldehydes and ketones and haloform reaction
8．17 Condensation of aldehydes and ketones：the aldol reaction
CHAPTER 9 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES
9．1 Carboxylic acids
9．2 Carboxylic acid derivatives
9．3 Other carboxylic acid derivatives
CHAPTER 10 AMINES AND HETEROCYCLES
10．1 Nomenclature of amines
10．2 Structure of amines
10．3 Physical properties of amines
10．4 Chemical properties of amines
10．5 Synthesis of amines
10．6 Heterocyeles
10．7 Sulfa drags
CHAPTER 11 CARBOHYDRATES
11．1 Monosaecharides
11．2 Disaccharides
11．3 Polysaccharides
CHAPTER 12 LIPIDS
12．1 Classification of lipids
12．2 Fatty acids
12．3 Structure and physical property of triacylglycerols
12．4 Chemical reactions of triaeylglycerols
12．5 Amphipathie hydrolyzable lipids
12．6 Steroid： cholesterol， steroid hormones and bile salt
CHAPTER 13 PROTEINS
13．1 Introduction
13．2 Reactions of amino acids
13．3 Synthesizing amino acids
13．4 Condensation of amino acids and formation of peptides
13．5 A brief introduction of proteins
CHAPTER 14 NUCLEIC ACID
14．1 Introduction
14．2 Nucleotides and nueleosides
14．3 Nucleic acid structure
References
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