物联网是新一代信息网络技术的高度集成和综合运用。大力推进物联网技术，进而实现智慧医疗发展目标，是本书要阐述的内容。全书共分12 章。第1 章介绍了医学信息学基础。第2 章和第3 章介绍了物联网在医疗卫生领域涉及的主要技术及基础设施。第4 章介绍了物联网在医院信息化建设中的应用。第5 章重点介绍了物联网与智慧化临床管理。第6 章介绍了物联网在医院管理中的应用。第7 章介绍了物联网在中医现代化中的应用。第8 章和第9 章讲述了物联网与公共卫生，以及物联网在医疗质量安全管理方面的应用。第10 章介绍了物联网在医院环境管理，如楼宇智能控制、智慧型手术室等方面的应用。第11 章讲述了物联网在医院物流，如药品流通、设备管理等方面的应用。第12 章为结语。本书从基础理论到技术应用，从医疗实践到流程优化，内容翔实，全面系统，可以作为医院管理者、医生和医技人员、研发部门、企业院校、软硬件开发人员，以及医疗设备生产使用的参考书。

高燕婕，研究员，中国女医师协会副秘书长，原卫生部信息化领导小组办公室副主任。从事全国卫生行业信息化管理推进工作30余年，制定了一系列国家卫生信息化政策及技术标准，掌握卫生领域信息化现状需求与未来发展方向等资源与管理技术。1993年从美国留学归来后，积极投身中国卫生信息化管理事业，提出并完成了一系列医疗卫生行业信息化建设的标准、规划、政策及模式的制定工作；承担了多项卫生信息化建设工程与科技攻关项目，国家信息化建设重大项目，获得了原国务院信息化工作办公室、国家金卡工程协调领导小组办公室、科学技术部、工业和信息化部、原卫生部等部委及本行业的多次奖励，被评为中国十大IT优秀科研女性。

第１章 医学信息学基础 .............................................................................. 001
1.1 医学信息学的基本理论 ················································.001
1.1.1 医学信息学的内涵 ··············································.001
1.1.2 医学信息学的研究内容 ········································.002
1.2 医院信息系统 ····························································.003
1.2.1 概念 ································································.003
1.2.2 功能划分 ··························································.004
1.2.3 社区卫生服务信息系统 ········································.007
1.2.4 电子病历 ··························································.009
1.3 健康档案概述 ····························································.010
1.3.1 健康档案管理信息系统 ········································.011
1.3.2 健康信息的采集 ·················································.011
1.3.3 健康档案管理信息系统的建立和管理 ······················.013
1.4 健康信息的共享与发展 ················································.015
第２章 物联网在医疗卫生领域应用涉及的主要技术 ............................ 018
2.1 通信技术 ··································································.018
2.1.1 ZigBee 技术 ·······················································.018
2.1.2 WiFi 技术 ·························································.022
2.1.3 5G 通信技术 ······················································.023
2.1.4 蓝牙技术 ··························································.024
2.2 识别技术 ··································································.026
2.2.1 条码技术 ··························································.026
2.2.2 RFID 技术 ·························································.028
2.3 传感技术 ··································································.030
2.4 信息处理技术 ····························································.031
2.5 医院实施应用 ····························································.032
第３章 物联网在医疗卫生领域的应用基础设施 ................................... 034
3.1 概述 ········································································.034
3.2 物联网的系统构成 ······················································.035
3.2.1 DCM 架构 ·························································.035
3.2.2 医疗卫生领域的物联网DCM 关系 ··························.035
3.3 感知层 ·····································································.036
3.3.1 RFID 单元和感知设备 ··········································.036
3.3.2 智能卡 ·····························································.037
3.3.3 传感识别和传感网 ··············································.038
3.3.4 RTLS ·······························································.040
3.3.5 激光扫描识别单元和感知设备 ·······························.040
3.4 通信网络层 ·······························································.041
3.4.1 有线通信网络 ····················································.041
3.4.2 无线通信网络 ····················································.042
3.4.3 网络平台 ··························································.042
3.5 应用管理层 ·······························································.044
3.5.1 中间件 ·····························································.044
3.5.2 数据管理和云计算 ··············································.045
3.5.3 系统集成 ··························································.045
3.6 公共技术 ··································································.046
3.6.1 标识与解析技术 ·················································.046
3.6.2 安全技术（认证与加密） ·····································.047
3.6.3 网络管理和服务质量管理 ·····································.047
第４章 物联网与医院信息化建设 ........................................................ 049
4.1 概述 ········································································.049
4.2 医院物联网技术建设发展现状········································.050
4.3 物联网是医院信息化建设的基础平台 ·······························.051
4.4 物联网在医院信息系统的应用········································.052
4.4.1 门（急）诊管理系统 ···········································.052
4.4.2 住院管理系统 ····················································.052
4.4.3 医技管理系统 ····················································.053
4.4.4 检验信息管理系统 ··············································.053
4.4.5 血库管理系统 ····················································.054
4.4.6 临床信息系统 ····················································.055
4.4.7 护理信息系统 ····················································.055
4.4.8 远程手术、麻醉信息管理系统 ·······························.056
4.4.9 病案管理系统和移动电子病历系统 ·························.057
4.4.10 重症或重点患者管理系统 ····································.057
4.5 物联网在智慧医疗中的业务应用 ·····································.058
4.5.1 挂号分诊排队叫号系统 ········································.058
4.5.2 临床呼叫系统 ····················································.058
4.5.3 手术示教系统 ····················································.059
4.5.4 ICU 病房探视系统 ··············································.059
4.5.5 远程医疗系统 ····················································.060
4.5.6 远程会诊 ··························································.060
4.5.7 远程医疗咨询 ····················································.061
4.5.8 远程手术 ··························································.061
4.5.9 远程听诊 ··························································.061
4.5.10 智能专家系统 ···················································.062
4.6 物联网在医院运营管理信息化中的应用 ····························.063
4.6.1 设备管理系统 ····················································.063
4.6.2 物资、材料管理系统 ···········································.064
4.6.3 医学文献管理系统 ··············································.064
4.7 综合布线系统 ····························································.065
4.7.1 机房工程系统 ····················································.065
4.7.2 无线网络覆盖系统 ··············································.066
4.7.3 门禁屏障系统 ····················································.066
4.7.4 安全防范系统 ····················································.067
第5 章 物联网与智慧化临床管理 ........................................................ 068
5.1 概述 ········································································.068
5.2 智能化电子病历 ·························································.069
5.3 智慧化临床路径管理 ···················································.070
5.4 可穿戴设备、机器人、人工智能在临床治疗中的应用 ·············.071
5.5 RFID 在门（急）诊管理系统中的应用 ·····························.072
5.5.1 门（急）诊就诊管理系统的运行现状 ······················.072
5.5.2 物联网技术的应用目标 ········································.072
5.5.3 工作流程优化 ····················································.073
5.5.4 技术分析 ··························································.073
5.6 RFID 在患者管理系统中的应用 ······································.074
5.6.1 技术应用目标 ····················································.074
5.6.2 系统功能 ··························································.074
5.7 RFID 在婴儿防盗系统上的应用 ······································.075
5.7.1 系统组成 ··························································.075
5.7.2 系统实现 ··························································.076
5.7.3 工作流程 ··························································.076
5.8 重点患者监护及定位系统 ·············································.077
5.8.1 应用目标 ··························································.077
5.8.2 系统原理 ··························································.077
5.8.3 系统组成 ··························································.078
5.8.4 系统功能 ··························································.078
第6 章 物联网在医院管理中的应用 .................................................... 079
6.1 概述 ········································································.079
6.1.1 现状与问题 ·······················································.079
6.1.2 医院资产管理 ····················································.080
6.1.3 血液管理 ··························································.081
6.1.4 医疗废物管理 ····················································.082
6.1.5 医院消毒物品管理 ··············································.083
6.1.6 其他应用 ··························································.084
6.2 物联网在员工管理领域的应用········································.085
6.2.1 概述 ································································.085
6.2.2 基于物联网技术的医院一卡通技术 ·························.086
6.2.3 门禁管理 ··························································.091
6.2.4 重要患者管理应用 ··············································.091
6.3 全院移动设备定位和监控系统········································.092
6.4 消毒供应中心监控系统 ················································.093
6.5 门禁系统 ··································································.095
6.6 办公区域安全管理系统 ················································.096
6.6.1 系统介绍 ··························································.096
6.6.2 系统控制 ··························································.096
6.6.3 系统功能 ··························································.096
第7 章 物联网与中医现代化 ............................................................... 098
7.1 概述 ········································································.098
7.2 物联网在中医现代化中的应用········································.099
7.2.1 物联网感知中药材追溯 ········································.099
7.2.2 物联网在中医把脉中的应用 ··································.099
7.2.3 基于物联网的中医临床科研信息系统 ······················.101
7.2.4 基于物联网技术的煎药室质量管理系统 ···················.103
7.2.5 基于物联网的中医古籍管理 ··································.104
第8 章 物联网与公共卫生 .................................................................. 106
8.1 概述 ········································································.106
8.2 疫情管理与急性传染病患者监测 ·····································.107
8.3 防疫场所的智能识别、检测及自动消杀处理 ······················.108
8.4 建立公共卫生智慧管理系统平台 ·····································.108
第9 章 物联网在医疗质量安全管理方面的应用 .................................. 110
9.1 概述 ········································································.110
9.2 医疗急救管理 ····························································.110
9.3 血液信息管理 ····························································.111
9.4 移动门诊输液管理系统 ················································.113
9.5 生命体征动态监测系统 ················································.115
9.6 新生儿防盗与母婴配对管理系统 ·····································.117
9.7 移动临床护理系统 ······················································.118
9.8 药品的监控管理 ·························································.120
9.9 临床医疗护理管理 ······················································.121
9.10 住院患者行踪定位及报警系统 ······································.124
9.11 其他应用 ·································································.125
第10 章 物联网与医院环境 ................................................................ 127
10.1 概述 ·······································································.127
10.2 楼宇智能控制与能源管理 ············································.128
10.2.1 楼宇自控系统的功能 ··········································.128
10.2.2 楼宇自控系统的设计 ··········································.129
10.3 医院数字化供电设备管理 ············································.133
10.4 医院及病房温控系统 ··················································.134
10.5 医院涉密资产出入管理 ···············································.134
10.6 医院智慧消防平台 ·····················································.135
10.7 防盗报警系统 ···························································.135
10.8 电梯远程监控系统 ·····················································.137
10.9 电话遥控系统 ···························································.138
10.10 医院安全监控 ·························································.139
10.10.1 医院监控的必要性 ···········································.139
10.10.2 基本设计思想 ·················································.140
10.10.3 视频监控组成 ·················································.141
10.11 智慧型手术室 ··························································.146
10.11.1 手术室简介 ····················································.146
10.11.2 手术室基本要求 ··············································.146
10.11.3 基于物联网的智慧手术室 ··································.147
10.12 智能停车场管理系统 ················································.149
10.12.1 车位引导系统 ·················································.150
10.12.2 系统工作流程 ·················································.151
10.13 应急管理 ·······························································.153
10.13.1 应急照明 ·······················································.153
10.13.2 应急照明的设计 ··············································.154
10.13.3 智能应急照明 ·················································.154
10.13.4 应急广播 ·······················································.155
10.14 智能病房 ·······························································.156
第11 章 物联网与医院物流 ........................................................................ 157
11.1 国外医院物流发展现状 ···············································.157
11.2 国内医院物流发展现状 ···············································.158
11.3 物联网技术与医院物流 ···············································.159
11.3.1 医院物流系统基本结构 ·······································.159
11.3.2 物联网技术在药品流通中的应用 ···························.160
11.3.3 物联网技术在设备管理中的应用 ···························.162
11.3.4 物联网技术在医用耗材管理中的应用 ·····················.164
11.3.5 物联网技术在标本管理中的应用 ···························.166
第12章 结语 ......................................................................... 169